Furnace



F. W. MANKER FURNAC E (311 0041 fox viii 7 1W 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 23',1928.

(Juucnroz Patented Oct. 23, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ronnnsrr WILLIAM MANKER, or JACKSON HEIGHTS, NEW YORK, AssreNoR TO THESURFACE COMBUSTION COMPANY, INC, on TOLEDO, 01110, A CORPORATION on NEWYORK.

FURNACE.

Application filed september 12, 1925. Serial No. 55,930.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces and more particularlyto annealing furnaces.

It is an objgct of, the invention to provide an annealing furnace whichmay be heated economically and efficiently by means of producer gasgenerated in a coal fired producer which is built into the furnaceconstruction.

A furthe'r object is to provide an annealing 1 furnace in which theburning gases shall enter the heating chamber at one side of the sameand flow around the annealing box in which the work is placed, in such amanner that the contents of the boxmay be thoroughly heated frombelow aswell as from above.

Another object is to provide an anneallng furnace in which a portion ofthe burned gases or products of 'combustion may be recirculated tomaintain a more uniform temperature of the burning gases and to cut downthe amount of fuel required for maintaining the proper temperature inthe heating chamber.

An additional object is to provide an annealing furnace'wherein the airto be mixed with the fuel gas may be efficiently and highly heated bythe products of combustion passing out of the heating chamber.

Still another object is to provide an annealing furnace which shall becompact and simple in construction.

The above and other objects of the invention will more fully appear fromthe detailed description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings forming the following construction.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse section taken through the improvedannealing furnace, showing the position ofthe annealing box with respectto the sides of the heatin chamher; the ports or passagesthrough whichair and fuel gas are entered into the heating chamber; the ports throughwhich the products of combustion pass out of the heating chamber;recuperators in which the air for supporting combustion and fuel gas isheated, and various other features of the furnace construction. I

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal se'ctio through the furnace showingsomewhat dia grammatically orts and passages between the floor of theheating chamber and the-to of the recuperators, and the passages throngplurality of longitudinally extending spaced I tracks adapted to formguideways r balls 16 on which annealing box 12 is adapted to besupported in a manner to permit 1t to be readily moved. into and out ofthe heating chamber through suitable doors 18 at the ends of the heatingchamber.

The fuel gas to be used in firing or heating the annealing chamber isgenerated in any approved or preferred form of coal-fired producergenerally indicated by numeral 20, the.details of which need not be exlained in the present application. The pro ucer is preferably anintegral part of the furnace construction and the gases generatedthereby flow by suitable passage diagrammatically indicated at 22 inFig. 2 to a manifold 24 which extends longitudinally of the heatingchamber below the floor thereof.

Extending upwardly from the manifold are'a series of gas ports 26, theseports extending along one side wall of .the heating chamber into acombustion chamber generally indicated at 28, Fig. 1, this combustionchamber being formed by a bafile wall or partition 30 which extends uwardly toward the top of the heating cham er and terminates somedistance therebelow. The bafiie wall is braced along its top by a seriesof spaced abutments 32, the space between the abutments constitutingports 34 through which the burning gases from the combustlon chamberpass into the heating chamber.

Heated air is mixed with the fuel gas coming through the ports 26. Forthis purpose there is provided a series of ports 36, Figs. 1 and 3,between the combustlon chamber 28 and a longitudinally extendin airmanifold or passa e 38 runnm paralle with the gas manifol 24. The airmanifold 38 is connected by ports 40 with an, air chamber 42 indicatedat 44.

heating annealing box rests are so spaced as to pro- In the drawings therecuperator has been shown as in two units, the top chambers 42 of whichare connected by lateral ports 46. The recuperators are preferably ofhollow tile construction through which products of combustion'from theannealing chamber may pass on their way to the stack as will presentlybeexplained, the air to be heated entering at the bottom of therecuperators through suitable ports 48 and circulating between the tilesthrough suitable passages provided therebetween and finally collectingin the air chambers 42 above the recuperators.

Extending longitudinally beneath the floor of the heating chamber aretwo channels 58 which are separated from the air chambers 42 by asuitable wall construction 60. These channels 58 are in communicationwith the heating chamber 10 by means of a series of ports 62 extendingthrough the floor of the 'chamber.

, Products of combustion may pass out of the heating chamber through theports 62 in the floor thereof and into the channels 58 from whence theypass by suitable ports or pass by way of a suitable passage indicated indotted lines in Fig. 1 to a flue 72 which leads to the stack, this fluebeing preferably provided with a damper for controlling the draft, thehandle of the damper being indicated at 74. 1

The burned gases or products of combustion flow continuously in a givendirection throu h the recuperators and the air to be heated by therecuperators likewise flows continuously in. a given direction. In otherwords, there is no reversal of the flow of the products of combustion orof the air to be heated. Y

The bottom of the annealing box is undercut as generall indicated at 76to provide for the free circu ation of the hot gases therebelow and topermit the same to flow freely through the ports 62. on their way out ofthe chamber. The balls on which the vide 0 en passages therebetweenthrou h which t e hot gases may circulate which will be readilyunderstood.

As previously indicated it is an. object of the invention to provide forthe recirculation of some of the'products of combustion. This isaccomplished b establishing communication between the ottom of thecombustion chamberv 28 and the annealing chamber 10 by means of orts 78which extend transversely below the aflle wall 30., In order to show oneof these ports in Fig. 1, a portion of the dividing wall has been brokenaway. The floor of the heating chamberthrough which the gas and airports 26 and 36 respectively pass, 1s elevated somewhat above the enerallevel of the main floor and the ports 8 constitute in effect open topchannels, the bottoms of,

which are on a level with the main floor as will be readily understoodfrom the drawlngs.

Means are provided for controlling the amount of air, gas and productsof combustion which enter the combustion chamber 28 and this ispreferably accomplished by regulating'the effective size of the portswhere.

tending through the wall of the furnace on a level with the elevatedfloor 80. The showing of these cover tiles has been confined to Fig. 3and for simplicity of illustration only one set of cover tiles has beenshown.

By providing a series of independent ports for the air and gas andbyproviding for the independent control of the various ports of theseries, the temperature and the character of the burning gases withinthe heating chamber may be ve readily controlled.

Another advantage of this construction is that the ends of the heatingchamber adjacent the doors thereof ma be more effectually main tained atthe deslred temperature b reason of the fact that more fuel ma be a owedto flow through those ports ad]acent the ends of the heating chamber.

It will be noted that the annealing box 12 is so disposed within theheating chamber as to be nearer that side wall of the furnace which ismost remote from the combustion chamber. Inasmuch as the arch orroof ofthe heating chamberextends directl from one side wall to the other,.itfollows t at the space between the roof and the annealing box isgradually decreasing in a direction "away from the combustion chamber...This reduction of space therefore com' ensates for the natural reductionof gas v0 ume which follows with the reduction of the temperature of thegases as they flow away from the point of most intense heat, namely, thecombustion chamber. To put the matter in another way, the annealing box12 is off center with respect to the sides of the heating chamber. Theburning gases flowing from the combustion chamber will, therefore, heatthe contents of the annealing box in a uniform manner, by reason of thefact that the radually reducing space between the annea ing box and thefar s de of the furnace is gradually decreasin I The recirculation ofthe products of conilUO Y an increased and larger body of heat bustionthrough the heating chamber ha a very important bearing on the heatingof the chamber. The products which are recirculated have a comparativelyhigh temperature. These products tend to lower somewhat the' temperatureof the burning gases, but at the same time a very lar e volume of gaseshaving a comparatively igh temperature is formed. The added volume ofthe gases of combustion to the gases being burned means that a largervolume of gases is circulated, and therefore in order to take'care ofthis added volume of gas with the same size of flues requires a highvelocity of movement of the gases through the heating chamber. The highvelocity of; circulation of the gases together with the-increased volumeprovides for carrying on the heating operation, and the higher velocityincreases the rate of transfer of the heat upon the work being heated..Furthermore, the dilution of. the gases being burned with the productsof combustion provides a longer flame combustion and thereforedistributes the heat of a uniform nature throughout the entire volume ofthe furnace. In this way the zones of very high temperature are doneaway with, and a uniform heating is accomplished.

A heating furnace constructed in accordance with the present inventionhas been found to effect a very material saving of fuel and to heat thework to be annealed in a uniform manner, in a considerably shorterperiod of time than has heretofore been required.

While the invention has been described with considerable particularityof detail, it will be readily appreciated that various changes may bemade as to the arrangements of ports, etc., without departing from thespirit of the invention.

l/Vhat is claimed is: b 1. The combination with a heating chamer aloiigone side wall of said chamber, an means for supporting the work to beheated in an oil-center relation with respect to the sides of theheating chamber whereby the burning gases flowing from the combustionchamber will flow into a gradually decreasing space in passing to thefar side of the heating chamber.

2. The combination with a heating-chamber, of a work-holding carriagewithin the chamber, means for confining said carriage to a path oftravel which is nearer one side wall of the chamber than the other, awall extending upwardly from the floor of the heating chamber in spacedrelation to that side of the chamber which is the more reof a combustionchamber extending' mote from said carriage, said wall terminating shortof the roof of said chamber and constituting with the adjacent side walla combustion chamber, means for entering combustible gases into thecombustion chamber and means causing the products of combustion to passout of the'bottom of the heating chamber.

3. The combination with a heating chamber, of a work-holding carriagewithin the chamber, means for confining said carriage to a path oftravel which is nearer one side wall of the chamber than the other, awall extending upwardly from the floor of the heating chamber in, spacedrelation to that side of the chamber which is the more remote from saidcarriage, said wall terminating short of the roof of said chamber andconstituting with the adjacent side wall a combustion chamber, andindependent air and ,gas ports opening into the combustion chamber atthe bottom thereof.

4. The combination with a heating chamber, of a raised portion of floorin the said chamber along a side wall thereof, transverse channels insaid raised floor portion, an upright wall in spaced relation to theadjacent wall forming with said wall a combustion chamber, said uprightwall straddling said channels, and air and gas ports opening into thecombustion chamber, said channels serving as ports through which some ofthe products of combustion in the heating chamber mayenter thecombustion chamber for recirculation with the burning gases in thecombustion chamber.

5. The method of heating an annealing chamber, comprising introducingthe buming gases into the chamber alon thereof through a plurality ofindividual ports, and compensating for the leakage of air through theend doorsopening into the chamber by permitting more combustible gas toenter t e chamber through the'ports adjacent said doors.

6. The combination with a heating chamber, of a work-holding carriagewithin the chamber, means for confining said .carriage to a path oftravel which is nearer one side wall of the chamber thanthe other, awall extending upwardly from the floor of the heating chamber inspacedrelation to that side of the chamber which is the more remote fromsaid carriage, said wall terminating short of the roof of saidchamberand constituting with the adjacent side wall a combustion chamber; andmeans for entering Itigmbustible gases into the combustion cham- Intestimony whereof I aflix my signature.

. FORREST WILLIAM MANKER.

one side 1

